Disks¶
Mount Disk¶
- List Devices
fdisk -l
- Create Partition
# fdisk /dev/sdb Command (m for help): n => Create Partition Partition type: p primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free) e extended Command (m for help): p => Get partition Command (m for help): w => Write
- Format and Create Label
# mkfs.xfs /dev/sdb1 -L elastic
- Mount
# vi /etc/fstab LABEL=elastic /elastic xfs defaults 0 0 ## Add this line # mount -a
Create ext4 Filesystem¶
Can use parted command
# lsblk NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT loop0 7:0 0 88.5M 1 loop /snap/core/7270 loop1 7:1 0 18M 1 loop /snap/amazon-ssm-agent/1455 xvda 202:0 0 8G 0 disk └─xvda1 202:1 0 8G 0 part / xvdf 202:80 0 8G 0 disk # fdisk /dev/xvdf Command (m for help): n => Create Partition Partition type: p primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free) e extended Command (m for help): p => Print partition Command (m for help): w => Write # mkfs -L projectA -t ext4 /dev/xvdf1 # Format Partition and create label # mkdir /mnt/ProjectA # mount /dev/xvdf1 /mnt/ProjectA/ # vi /etc/fstab LABEL=projectA /mnt/ProjectA/ ext4 defaults 0 0 # Add This Line
umount /mnt/ProjectA/
Create Swap Partition¶
Can use parted command
# fdisk /dev/xvdf Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.31.1). Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them. Be careful before using the write command. Command (m for help): p Disk /dev/xvdf: 8 GiB, 8589934592 bytes, 16777216 sectors Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disklabel type: dos Disk identifier: 0xaef5270b Device Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type /dev/xvdf1 2048 4196351 4194304 2G 82 Linux swap / Solaris /dev/xvdf2 4196352 10487807 6291456 3G 83 Linux /dev/xvdf3 10487808 16777215 6289408 3G 5 Extended /dev/xvdf5 10489856 12587007 2097152 1G 83 Linux /dev/xvdf6 12589056 14686207 2097152 1G 83 Linux /dev/xvdf7 14688256 16777215 2088960 1020M 83 Linux Command (m for help): t Partition number (1-3,5-7, default 7): 1 Hex code (type L to list all codes): 82 Command (m for help): w # mkswap /dev/xvdf1 # swapon /dev/xvdf1 # to shutoff -> swapoff /dev/xvdf2 # free -m # vi /etc/fstab UUID=99fd52d5-e821-45a5-9366-30666046406f swap swap default 0 0
Create LVM Filesystem¶
# fdisk /dev/xvdf Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.31.1). Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them. Be careful before using the write command. Command (m for help): p Disk /dev/xvdf: 8 GiB, 8589934592 bytes, 16777216 sectors Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disklabel type: dos Disk identifier: 0xaef5270b Device Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type /dev/xvdf1 2048 4196351 4194304 2G 82 Linux swap / Solaris /dev/xvdf2 4196352 10487807 6291456 3G 83 Linux /dev/xvdf3 10487808 16777215 6289408 3G 5 Extended /dev/xvdf5 10489856 12587007 2097152 1G 83 Linux /dev/xvdf6 12589056 14686207 2097152 1G 83 Linux /dev/xvdf7 14688256 16777215 2088960 1020M 83 Linux Command (m for help): t Partition number (1-3,5-7, default 7): 2 Hex code (type L to list all codes): 8e Changed type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux LVM'. Command (m for help): w The partition table has been altered. Syncing disks. # fdisk /dev/xvdf Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.31.1). Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them. Be careful before using the write command. Command (m for help): p Disk /dev/xvdf: 8 GiB, 8589934592 bytes, 16777216 sectors Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disklabel type: dos Disk identifier: 0xaef5270b Device Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type /dev/xvdf1 2048 4196351 4194304 2G 82 Linux swap / Solaris /dev/xvdf2 4196352 10487807 6291456 3G 8e Linux LVM /dev/xvdf3 10487808 16777215 6289408 3G 5 Extended /dev/xvdf5 10489856 12587007 2097152 1G 83 Linux /dev/xvdf6 12589056 14686207 2097152 1G 83 Linux /dev/xvdf7 14688256 16777215 2088960 1020M 83 Linux Command (m for help): t Partition number (1-3,5-7, default 7): 5 Hex code (type L to list all codes): 8e Changed type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux LVM'. Command (m for help): w The partition table has been altered. Syncing disks. # pvcreate /dev/xvdf2 Physical volume "/dev/xvdf2" successfully created. # pvcreate /dev/xvdf5 Physical volume "/dev/xvdf5" successfully created. # vgcreate VG1 /dev/xvdf2 /dev/xvdf5 Volume group "VG1" successfully created root@ip-172-31-81-196:~# vgdisplay /dev/VG1 --- Volume group --- VG Name VG1 System ID Format lvm2 Metadata Areas 2 Metadata Sequence No 1 VG Access read/write VG Status resizable MAX LV 0 Cur LV 0 Open LV 0 Max PV 0 Cur PV 2 Act PV 2 VG Size 3.99 GiB PE Size 4.00 MiB Total PE 1022 Alloc PE / Size 0 / 0 Free PE / Size 1022 / 3.99 GiB VG UUID ELopyA-2vai-XuiQ-vm7M-RF9q-k0ve-yUeXM6 # lvcreate VG1 -L +3.9G -n LV1 Rounding up size to full physical extent 3.90 GiB Logical volume "LV1" created. root@ip-172-31-81-196:~# lvdisplay --- Logical volume --- LV Path /dev/VG1/LV1 LV Name LV1 VG Name VG1 LV UUID Q0mXgw-q9E7-ncuH-Vv2t-NTqx-epn9-3EK3DH LV Write Access read/write LV Creation host, time ip-172-31-81-196, 2019-08-02 21:45:49 +0000 LV Status available # open 0 LV Size 3.90 GiB Current LE 999 Segments 2 Allocation inherit Read ahead sectors auto - currently set to 256 Block device 253:0 # mkfs.ext4 /dev/VG1/LV1 mke2fs 1.44.1 (24-Mar-2018) Creating filesystem with 1022976 4k blocks and 256000 inodes Filesystem UUID: 3cc6d97e-a315-4051-a572-16e06bf9c9f9 Superblock backups stored on blocks: 32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736 Allocating group tables: done Writing inode tables: done Creating journal (16384 blocks): done Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done root@ip-172-31-81-196:~# mkdir /mnt/LV1-mount root@ip-172-31-81-196:~# mount /dev/VG1/LV1 /mnt/LV1-mount root@ip-172-31-81-196:~# vi /etc/fstab /dev/VG1/LV1 /mnt/LV1-mount ext4 defaults 0 0 # Add This Line # Can edit first the /etc/fsatab file and after do mount -a (mount everything in /etc/fstab file) instead mount command
Mount Shared Disk¶
- Install NFS
yum install -y nfs-utils
systemctl enable nfs
systemctl start nfs
Master¶
- Configure Export
# vi /etc/exports /snapshots *(rw) => Add Line # exportfs /snapshots <world>
- Enable Service
firewall-cmd --add-service nfs --permanent firewall-cmd --permanent --add-service=rpc-bind firewall-cmd --permanent --add-service=mountd firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=2049/tcp firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=2049/udp firewall-cmd --reload
Slaves¶
# vi /etc/fstab 10.240.100.18:/snapshots /elastic/snapshots nfs _netdev,rw 0 0 # mount -a # mount | grep elastic
Disk Quotas¶
```bash
vi /etc/fstab¶
LABEL=projectA /mnt/ProjectA/ ext4 defaults,usrquota 0 0
mount -a¶
apt-get install quota¶
cd /mnt/ProjectA¶
quotacheck -avugc # Create filesystem to support quotas¶
quotacheck: Your kernel probably supports journaled quota but you are not using it. Consider switching to journaled quota to avoid running quotacheck after an unclean shutdown. quotacheck: Scanning /dev/xvdf7 [/mnt/ProjectA] done quotacheck: Cannot stat old user quota file /mnt/ProjectA/aquota.user: No such file or directory. Usage will not be subtracted. quotacheck: Old group file name could not been determined. Usage will not be subtracted. quotacheck: Checked 3 directories and 0 files quotacheck: Old file not found.